- Understanding the Emergence of the 996 Work System
The 996-work system, where employees work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week, originated in China’s tech industry as a response to the intense pressures of rapid economic growth and global competition. Initially perceived as a necessary strategy for boosting productivity and innovation, this work culture has since become widespread across various sectors. Our research, which includes interviews with a diverse range of stakeholders such as employees, middle managers, and business owners, has revealed the deeply ingrained nature of this system. Employees, particularly younger professionals, report significant mental health challenges, including stress, anxiety, and burnout, as a result of the demanding work hours. Despite these issues, many managers and business owners continue to defend the 996 culture, arguing that it is essential for maintaining a competitive edge.
However, our findings suggest that the acceptance of the 996 culture is not universal, and there is growing resistance among workers who feel that their well-being is being sacrificed for corporate gain. Moving forward, it is crucial to explore alternative work models that can sustain productivity while prioritizing employee health. Our future research should focus on identifying and analyzing companies that have successfully implemented different approaches, such as shorter workweeks or flexible hours. By examining these alternatives, we can propose solutions that alleviate the psychological burden on workers without compromising business efficiency, ultimately contributing to a healthier and more sustainable work culture.
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